The three basic general rules of safe firearm handling. 

• Always point the muzzle in a safe direction; never point a firearm at anyone or anything you don't intend to shoot.
• Keep your finger off the trigger and outside the trigger guard until you are ready to shoot.
• Keep the action open and the firearm unloaded until you are ready to use it.

When using or storing a firearm, always follow these rules.

• Know how to use the firearm safely.
• Be sure the firearm is safe to operate.
• Use only the correct ammunition for the firearm.
• Never use alcohol or over-the-counter, prescription or other drugs before or while shooting.
• Wear eye and ear protection where appropriate.
• Store firearms so they are not accessible to unauthorized persons.
• Be aware that certain types of firearms and many shooting activities require additional safety precautions.
• Always follow the manufacturer's recommendations

Cleaning

• Before cleaning your firearm, make sure that the firearm is unloaded!
• Remove all amunition from the area.
• Regular cleaning is important in order for your firearm to operate safely and correctly.  Proper care of your firearm will also maintain its value and extend its life.  Your firearm should be cleaned every time that it is used.  Follow the manufacturer's recommended cleaning procedures for both new and used firearms.